The prevalence of obesity has been rising at an alarming rate, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality worldwide. According to the World Health Organization approximately 13% of the world’s adult population is obese.

The pathogenesis of obesity is complex, and recently a number of studies have linked changes in the gut microbiome in obesity
development. It is suggested that the individuals who are overweight and/or obese may have a specific composition of gut microbiota, which plays an important role in food digestion and energy generation. In addition, the gut dysbiosis leads to altered intestinal permeability and activation of inflammatory processes associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Effective obesity treatment requires a personalized and sustainable approach. One of the newer and promising areas of research in obesity treatment involves the hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. GLP-1 therapy results in weight loss up to 15-20% of the body weight. However, this therapy is associated (in 40-70% of treated patients ) with high risk of adverse events, mainly from gastrointestinal system, such as nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain. 

Combining GLP-1 receptor agonist with probiotics presents a promising strategy for managing obesity, and offers a synergistic approach by leveraging the complementary mechanisms of these interventions. While GLP-1 receptor agonists effectively promote weight loss and improve glycemic control, probiotics can enhance gut health, reduce inflammation, protects against deficiencies of micro- and macro-elements, and support metabolic functions. This integrated approach could offer a more comprehensive and effective means of combating obesity and its associated health complications.